Search results for " pathology [Research Subject Categories]"
showing 10 items of 47 documents
The effects of surgical preparation techniques and implant macro-geometry on primary stability : an in vitro study
2016
Background The attainment of a good primary stability is a necessary condition to ensure the success of osseointegration in implantology. In type IV cancellous bone, however, it is possible that a reduced primary stability can lead to an increased rate of failure. The aim of this study was therefore to determine, with the help of the resonance frequency (Osstell mentor), which technique of implant site preparation (piezo surgery, conventional, under-preparation, bone compaction, osteodistraction) and macro-geometry is able to improve implant stability in type IV cancellous bone. Material and Methods 10 pig ribs were prepared with a surgical pre-drilled guide, calibrated for a correct implan…
Local vs general anaesthesia in the development of neurosensory disturbances after mandibular third molars extraction: A retrospective study of 534 c…
2016
Background The choice of the anaesthetic modality is one of the primary steps during planning of third molar surgery. The aim of the present study was to compare the risk of developing neurological injures of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and lingual nerve (LN) in patients treated for wisdom teeth removal under general anaesthesia (GA) with a group treated under local anaesthesia (LA). Material and Methods This is an observational retrospective, unicentric study; between September 2013 and September 2014, 534 patients underwent third molar surgery, 194 (36,3%) under GA and 340 (63,7%) under LA by the same oral surgeon. Differences in the incidence of IAN and LN injures between groups ha…
The Role of Modified Expansion Sphincter Pharyngoplasty in Multilevel Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Surgery
2017
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep disorder caused by an excessive narrowing of the pharyngeal airway that also collapses during inspiration, with an important role played by the lateral pharyngeal wall in the development of the obstruction. Objective To describe our surgical experience with modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (MESP) in the management of lateral collapse in upper airway multilevel surgery. Methods A total of 20 patients with moderate to severe OSAS were recruited in the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department of the University of Palermo, Italy. All of the enrolled patients refused the ventilatory therapy. The subjects were evaluated for …
Phospho-p38 MAPK expression in COPD patients and asthmatics and in challenged bronchial epithelium
2015
<b><i>Background:</i></b> The role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in regulating the inflammatory response in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthmatic patients is unclear. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To investigate the expression of activated MAPK in lungs of COPD patients and in bronchial biopsies of asthmatic patients and to study MAPK expression in bronchial epithelial cells in response to oxidative and inflammatory stimuli. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Immunohistochemical expression of phospho (p)-p38 MAPK, p-JNK1 and p-ERK1/2 was measured in bronchial mucosa in pat…
C-myc mRNA Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinomas in Relation to Estrogen Receptor Status, Metastatic Spread, Survival Time, FIGO Stage, and His…
1998
Recently, it has been suggested that c-myc expression might correlate with estrogen receptor (ER) status and metastatic spread in ovarian cancer. In this study, expression of c-myc mRNA in 90 epithelial ovarian carcinomas was determined using the S1 nuclease protection assay. Expression of c-myc mRNA was detectable in 27 of 90 tumors. There was no significant association between c-myc mRNA expression and metastatic spread, survival time, FIGO stage, or histologic grade and type. C-myc mRNA was expressed in 45% of ER-positive tumors but only 24% of ER-negative tumors (p = 0.094; Fisher's exact test). Similarly, 44% of progesterone receptor (PR)-positive and 23% of PR-negative tumors expresse…
Otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis in children: proposal of an experience-based treatment flowchart
2018
Purpose: To describe the prevalent clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis (OLST) in children; to identify clinical predictors of outcome; to propose a management algorithm derived from experience. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of the clinical records of patients with OLST, treated in a single tertiary care referral center for pediatric disease from 2006 to 2017. The inclusion criteria were pediatric age (0–16 years) and OLST diagnosis confirmed by a pre- and post-contrast CT or venography–MRI scan. Primary outcome measures were early (1–2 months) and late (6 months) sinus recanalization assessed by means of neuroimaging. Results:…
Knockout of myeloid cell leukemia-1 induces liver damage and increases apoptosis susceptibility of murine hepatocytes
2008
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, regulates tissue development and homeostasis in multi-cellular organisms. Extrinsic or intrinsic death signals activate pro-apoptotic pathways, resulting in the activation of caspases and finally in cell death. An important event during apoptosis process is the permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Integrity of the OMM is regulated by the Bcl-2 protein family, which is divided into three groups: anti-apoptotic members Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), pro-apoptotic multidomain members Bax and Bak, and pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins. Mitochondrial activation is regulated by selective interactions of Bcl-2 proteins v…
Hepatocyte-specific deletion of the antiapoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia-1 triggers proliferation and hepatocarcinogenesis in mice
2010
Regulation of hepatocellular apoptosis is crucial for liver homeostasis. Increased sensitivity of hepatocytes toward apoptosis results in chronic liver injury, whereas apoptosis resistance is linked to hepatocarcinogenesis and nonresponsiveness to therapy-induced cell death. Recently, we have demonstrated an essential role of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) in hepatocyte survival. In mice lacking Mcl-1 specifically in hepatocytes (Mcl-1Δhep), spontaneous apoptosis caused severe liver damage. Here, we demonstrate that chronically increased apoptosis of hepatocytes coincides with strong hepatocyte proliferation resulting in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).…
Intratympanic treatment with dexamethasone as first-line or salvage therapy in sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Results of a retrospective study
2014
Aim: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a condition of emergency in Otolaryngology. Although there is no universally accepted treatment protocol, corticosteroids, intravenous and oral, are the most common treatment The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of intratympanic administration of dexamethasone as first line therapy, or as a rescue therapy after treatment with systemic steroids in patients not responders. Methods: The population, consisting of 85 patients referred to our unit from January 2010 to December 2013, was divided into two groups according to the treatment protocol performed. We also analyzed possible variables that may affect the response to treatment such …
Sialoendoscopy in the management of the salivary gland disorders
2016
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the long-term (> 6 month) outcome of patients suffering from obstructive sialadenitis treated by sialoendoscopy. METHODS: Between 2009 and 2013 seventy-six subjects underwent sialoendoscopy under local anesthesia at the University Hospital P. Giaccone of Palermo. RESULTS: The mean age of presentation was 50.5 years for male (56.6%) and 44.7 years for female (43.4%). The presenting symptoms were frequent pain in 72% of cases, frequent purulent secretions in 65% of cases, frequent swelling in 62% of cases and frequent bitter taste in 44% of cases. Affected glands were in 54 cases the submandibular unilaterally, in 21 cases the parotid unilate…